60 Significant studies of abortion/prematurity risk
September 2005
Prof. Barbara Luke exposes 'Preemie' risk
Sixty (60) Studies that showed a statistically significant increase
in Preterm Birth or Low Birth Weight after Surgical Induced Abortion;
the list starts below at 'List of 60 Significant APB Studies'
A. The 60 studies are at least 95% confident of increased
risk of preterm birth or 'surrogates' for PTB (such as
low birth weight or 2nd trimester spontaneous abortion)
from previous surgical induced abortions (SIAs); this
list, in all probability, is NOT a complete list of all
such studies; studies preceded by "+" found that the more
the number of prior abortions, the higher the preterm birth
risk (studies 8,9,11,25,29,32,34,35,39,40,42,44,48,49,50,51,52,
55,58,59)
B. All three studies that examined whether prior SIAs boosted
the risk of subsequent XPBs (eXtremely Preterm Births) found
that they did:
1. Lumley J (Australia, 1993, study number 44)
2. Lumley J (Australia, 1998, study number 49)
3. Moreau C et al. (France, 2005, study number 59)
[The 2005 'Moreau' study is the first European confirmation
of the Australian XPB results of Judith Lumley]
C. These 60 studies involve 23 countries
...................................................................
List of 60 Significant APB Studies
1960s
1 Barsy G, Sarkany J. Impact of induced abortion on the birth
rate and infant mortality. Demografia 1963;6:427-467
2 Miltenyi K. On the effects of induced abortion. Demografia
1964;7:73-87
3 Furusawa Y, Koya Y. The Influence of artificial abortion
on delivery. In: Koya Y, ed. Harmful effects of induced
abortion. Tokyo: Family Planning Federation of Japan,
1966:74-83
1970s
4 Drac P, Nekvasilova Z. Premature termination of pregnancy
after previous interruption of pregnancy. Cesk Gynekol
1970;35:332-333
5 Pantelakis SN, Papadimitriou GC, Doxiadis SA.
Influence of induced and spontaneous abortions
on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies. Amer
J Obstet Gynecol. 1973;116:799-805
6 Van Der Slikke JW, Treffers PE. Influence of
induced abortion on gestational duration in
subsequent pregnancies. BMJ 1978;1:270-272
[>95% confident of preterm risk for gestation
less than 32 weeks]
7 Richardson JA, Dixon G. Effect of legal termin-
ation on subsequent pregnancy. British Med J
1976;1:1303-1304
+8 Papaevangelou G, Vrettos AS, Papadatos D, Alexiou
C. The Effect of Spontaneous and Induced Abortion
on Prematurity and Birthweight. The J Obstetrics
and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth. May
1973;80:418-422
+9 Bognar Z, Czeizel A. Mortality and Morbidity
Associated with Legal Abortions in Hungary, 1960-
1973. AJPH 1976;66:568-575
10 Grindel B, Lubinski H, Voigt M. Induced abortion
in primigravidae and subsequent pregnancy, with
particular attention of underweight. Zentralbl
Gynaekol 1979;101:1009-1114
+11 Obel E, et al. Pregnancy Complications Following
Legally Induced Abortion With Special Reference to
Abortion Technique. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand
1979;58:147-152
12 World Health Organization Task Force on the Sequelae
of Abortion. Gestation, birthweight and spontaneous
abortion. Lancet 1979;1:142-145.
13 Ratter G et al. Effect of Abortion on Maturity of
Subsequent Pregnancy. Med J Australia June 1979:
479-480
14 Roht LH, Aoyama H, Leinen GE, et al. The association
of multiple induced abortions with subsequent
prematurity and spontaneous abortion. Acta Obstet
Gynaecol Jpn 1976;23:140-145
15 Harlap S, Davies AM. Late sequelae of induced abortion:
Complications and Outcome of Pregnancy and Labor. Amer
J Epidemiology 1975;102:219-224
16 Mocsary P, Csapo AI. Effect of menstrual induction on
prematurity rate. Lancet 1978;1:1159-1160
17 Koller O, Eikhom SN. Late Sequelae of Induced
Abortion in Primigravidae. Acta Obstet Gynecol
Scand 1977;56:311-317
18 Lean TH, Hogue CJR, Wood J. Low birth weight after induced
abortion in Singapore, Presented at the 105th Annual Meeting
of the Americal Public Health Association, Washington DC,
Oct. 31, 1977
19 World Health Organization. Special Programme of Research,
Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction:
Seventh Annual Report, Geneva, Nov. 1978.
20 Hungarian Central Statistical Office. Perinatalishalazons.
Budapest: Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 1972
21 Czeizel A, Bognar Z, Tusnady G, et al. Changes in mean birth
weight and proportion of low-weight births in Hungary. Br J
Prev Soc Med 1970;24:146-153
22 Dziewulska W. Abortion in the past versus the fate of the
subsequent pregnancy. State of the newborn. Ginekol Pol
1973;44:1143-1148 [Poland]
1980s
23 Zwahr C, Voigt M, Kunz L, et al. Relationships
between interruption abortion, and premature birth
and low birth weight. Zentrabl Gynaekol 1980;102:
738-747
24 Kreibich H, Ludwig A. Early and late complications
of abortion in juvenile primigravidae (including
recommended measures). Z Aerztl Fortbild (Jena)
1980;74:311-316
+25 Levin A, Schoenbaum S, Monson R, Stubblefield P,
Ryan K. Association of Abortion With Subsequent
Pregnancy Loss. JAMA 1980;243(24):2495-2499
26 Legrillo V. Quickenton P, Therriault GD, et al.
Effect of induced abortion on subsequent reproductive
function. Final report to NICHD. Albany, NY: New
York State Health Department, 1980.
27 Slater PE, Davies AM, Harlap S. The Effect of Abortion Method
on the Outcome of Subsequent Pregnancy. J Reprod Med 1981;28:
123-128
28 Lerner RC, Varma AO. Prospective study of the outcome of
pregnancy subsequent to previous induced abortion. Final
report, Contract no. (N01-HD-62803). New York: Downstate
Medical Center, SUNY, January 1981.
+29 Berkowitz GS. An Epidemiologic Study of Preterm
Delivery. American J Epidemiology 1981;113:81-92
30 Meirik O, Bergstrom R. Outcome of delivery subsequent to
vacuum aspiration abortion in nulliparous women. Acta
Obstet Gynecol Scand 1982;61:415-429
31 Schoenbaum LS, Monson RR. No association between
coffee consumption and adverse outcomes of pregnancy.
NEJM 1982;306:141-145
+32 Puyenbroek J, Stolte L. The relationship between spontaneous
and induced abortions and the occurrence of second-trimester
abortion in subsequent pregnancies. Eur J Obstet Gynecol
Reprod Biol 1983;14:299-309 [this is the only study in
this complete list that uses second-trimester miscarriage
as a surrogate for PTB]
33 Pickering RM, Forbes J. Risk of preterm delivery
and small-for-gestational age infants following
abortion: a population study. British J Obstetrics
and Gynecology 1985;92:1106-1112
+34 Lumley J. Very low birth-weight (less than 1500g) and previous
induced abortion: Victoria 1982-1983. Aust NZ J Obstet Gynecol
1986;26:268-272
+35 Shiono PH, Lebanoff MA. Ethnic Differences
and Very Preterm Delivery. Am J Public Health
1986;76:1317-1321
36 Lieberman E, Ryan KJ, Monson RR, Schoenbaum SC.
Risk Factors Accounting For Racial Differences
in the rate of premature birth. NEJM 1987;317:
743-748
37 Krasomski G, Gladysiak A, Krajewski J. [English translation of
Polish title: Fate of subsequent pregnancies after induced abortion
in primiparae]. Wiad Lek. 1987 Dec 1;40(23):1593-1995
38 Seidman DS, Ever-Hadani P, Slater PE, Harlap S, et al.
Child-bearing after induced abortion: reassessment of
risk. J Epidemiology Community Health 1988;42:294-298
+39 Mueller-Heubach E, Guzick DS. Evaluation of
risk scoring in a preterm birth prevention
study of indigent patients. Am J Obstetrics
& Gyn 1989;160:829-837
1990s
+40 Vasso L-K, Chryssa T-B, Golding J. Previous
obstetric history and subsequent preterm delivery
in Greece. European J Obstetrics & Gynecology
Reproductive Biology 1990;37:99-109
41 Pickering RM, Deeks JJ. Risks of Delivery during
20th to the 36th Week of Gestation. Intl. J
Epidemiology 1991;20:456-466
+42*Zhang J, Savitz DA. Preterm Birth Subtypes among Blacks and
Whites. Epidemiology 1992;3:428-433
43*Michielutte R, Ernest JM, Moore ML, Meis PJ,
Sharp PC, Wells HB, Buescher PA. A Comparison of
Risk Assessment Models for Term and Preterm Low
Birthweight. Preventive Medicine 1992;21:98-109
+44 Lumley J. The epidemiology of preterm birth.
Bailliere's Clin Obstet Gynecology. 1993;7(3):477-498
45 Guinn D, Goldenberg RL, Hauth JC, Andrews WA et al. Risk factors
for the development of preterm premature rupture of membranes
after arrest of preterm labor. AJOG 1995;173(4):1310-1315
46*Hillier SL, Nugent RP, Eschenbach DA, Krohn MA,
et al. Association Between Bacterial Vaginosis
And Preterm Delivery Of A Low-Birth-Weight
Infant. NEJM 1995;333:1737-1742
47 Khalil AK, El-Amrawy SM, Ibrahim AG, et al. Pattern of growth
and development of premature children at the age of two and
three years in Alexandria, Egypt. Eastern Mediterranean Health
Journal 1995;1(2):186-193
+48 Lang JM, Lieberman E, Cohen A. A Comparison
of Risk Factors for Preterm Labor and Term
Small-for-Gestational-Age Birth. Epidemiology
1996;7:369-376
+49 Lumley J. The association between prior spon-
taneous abortion, prior induced abortion and
preterm birth in first singleton births.
Prenat Neonat Med 1998;3:21-24.
+50 Martius JA, Steck T, Oehler MK, Wulf K-H. Risk
factors associated with preterm (<37+0 weeks) and
early preterm (<32+0 weeks): univariate and multi-
variate analysis of 106 345 singleton births from
1994 statewide perinatal survey of Bavaria.
European J Obstetrics & Gynecology Reproductive
Biology 1998;80:183-189
+51*Ancel P-V, Saurel-Cubizolles M-J, Renzo GCD,
Papiernik E, Breart G. Very and moderate preterm
births: are the risk factors different? British
J Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1999;106:1162-1170
+52 Zhou W, Sorenson HT, Olsen J. Induced Abortion
and Subsequent Pregnancy Duration. Obstetrics &
Gynecology 1999;94:948-953
53 Ancel PY, Saurel-Cubizolles, Di Renzo GC, Papiernik E, Breart G.
Social Differences of very preterm birth in Europe: interaction
with obstetric history. American J Epi 1999;149(10):908-915
2000-2009
54 Foix-L'Helias and Blondel B. Changes in risk factors of
preterm delivery in France between 1981 and 1995. Paediatric
and Perinatal Epidemiology. Oct 2000;14(4):314-323
+55 Henriet L, Kaminski M. Impact of induced abortions on
subsequent pregnancy outcome: the 1995 French national
perinatal survey. British J Obstetrics Gynaecology
2001;108:1036-1042
56 Grimmer I, Buhrer C, Dudenhausen JW. Preconceptional factors
associated with very low birth weight delivery: a case control
study. BMC Public Health 2002;2:10 [Germany]
57 Reime B, Schuecking BA, Wenzlaff P. Perinatal outcomes of
teenage pregnancies according to gravidity and obstetric history.
Annals of Epidemiology 2004;14(8):619-619 [German subjects]
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&_method=
citationSearch&_uoikey=B6T44-4D8V8F5-2R&_origin=
SDEMFRASCII&_version=1&md5=e73601c4adf512cbb49d79b556183ab7
+58 Ancel PV, Lelong N, Papiernik E, Saurel-Cubizolles MJ, Kaminski M.
History of induced abortion as a risk factor for preterm birth in
European countries: results of EUROPOP survey. Human Repro 2004;
19(3): 734-740.
+59 Moreau C, Kaminski M, Ancel PY, Bouyer J, et al. Previous induced
abortions and the risk of very preterm delivery: results of the
EPIPAGE study. British J Obstetrics Gynaecology 2005;112(4):430-437
[France] [abstract online:
www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1111/
j.1471-0528.2004.00478.x/abs/ ]
60 Conde-Agudelo A, Belizan JM, Breman R, Brockman SC, Rosas-
Bermudez. Effect of the interpregnancy interval after an
abortion on maternal and perinatal health in Latin America.
Int J Gynaecol & Obstet 2005;89 (Supp. 1):S34-S40
............................................................
*� studies that included spontaneous and induced
abortions but did not report PTB/LBW risk separately for each
+ studies that found dose/response (the more SIAs, the higher the risk)
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